Adrian Joseph Caillouet (February 19, 1883 – December 19, 1946) was a United States federal judge.
Born in Thibodaux, Louisiana, Caillouet received an A.B. from St. Mary's College in Kentucky in 1902 and read law in 1913. He was in private practice in Houma, Louisiana from 1913 to 1940.
On April 2, 1940, Caillouet was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a new seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana created by 52 Stat. 110. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 9, 1940, and received his commission on April 23, 1940, serving until his death some six years later.